mini鵝的天地

1.搶佔preempt功能預設是開啟
2.VRRP有3種路由狀態:初始狀態(Initialize)、主狀態(Master)、備援狀態(Backup)
HSRP有6個狀態:初始(Initial)狀態,學習(Learn)狀態,監聽(Listen)狀態,對話(Speak)狀態,備份(Standby)狀態,活動(Active)狀態
3.master路由器和backup路由器
4.VRRP backup路由器不主動發送hello，所以master路由器不可以主動發現網絡當中的backup路由器
5.HSRP虛擬路由器的IP不能是活動路由器接口的IP,VRRP可以
6.HSRP技術是CISCO私有，而VRRP為公用技術
7.priority為越大越優先，priority設0為永久backup (預設priority為100)
8.HSRP的hello時間為3秒，間隔hold時間為10秒
  VRRP中失效間隔時間是通告間隔時間的3倍，通告間隔時間默認1秒
9.VIP MAC：00-00-5e-00-01-XX    VRRP  組播地址 224.0.0.18
                    00-00-0c-07-ac-XX     HSRP  組播地址 224.0.0.2
ps:where xx is a two-digithex VRRP group number.

10.在沒有IP擁有者和priority相同的情況下，IP地址大的作為master路由器

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R1
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0
 vrrp 1 ip 192.168.1.254    
 vrrp 1 timers advertise 3 
 vrrp 1 priority 105

R2
interface FastEthernet0/0
 ip address 192.168.1.2 255.255.255.0
 vrrp 1 ip 192.168.1.254
 vrrp 1 timers advertise 3

R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 ?
  authentication  Authentication
  description     Group specific description
  ip              Enable Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) for IP
  preempt         Enable preemption of lower priority Master
  priority        Priority of this VRRP group
  shutdown        Disable VRRP Configuration
  timers          Set the VRRP timers
  track           Event Tracking

認證方法有以下三種
R1(config-if)#vrrp 1 authentication ?
  WORD  Plain text authentication string
  md5   Use MD5 authentication
  text  Plain text authentication
============================================================================
R1#sh vrrp bri
Interface          Grp Pri Time  Own Pre State   Master addr     Group addr
Gi0/0              1   105 9589       Y  Master  192.168.1.1  

R1#sh vrrp
GigabitEthernet0/0 - Group 1  
  State is Master  
  Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.254
  Virtual MAC address is 0000.5e00.0101
  Advertisement interval is 3.000 sec
  Preemption enabled
  Priority is 105 
  Master Router is 192.168.1.1 (local), priority is 105 
  Master Advertisement interval is 3.000 sec
  Master Down interval is 9.589 sec

R2#sh vrrp bri
Interface          Grp Pri Time  Own Pre State   Master addr     Group addr
Gi0/0              1   100 9609       Y  Backup  192.168.1.1

R2#sh vrrp
GigabitEthernet0/0 - Group 1  
  State is Backup  
  Virtual IP address is 192.168.1.254
  Virtual MAC address is 0000.5e00.0101
  Advertisement interval is 3.000 sec
  Preemption enabled
  Priority is 100 
  Master Router is 192.168.1.1, priority is 105 
  Master Advertisement interval is 3.000 sec
  Master Down interval is 9.609 sec (expires in 9.343 sec)